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SPIO Detection and Distribution in Biological Tissue—A Murine MPI-SLNB Breast Cancer Model

机译：SPIO检测和生物组织中的分布-小鼠MPI-SLNB乳腺癌模型。

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Surgical breast cancer related staging with radical axillary lymph node extraction was mandatory in past times. High morbidity and significant loss of quality of life was inevitable. By introduction of the concept of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), these adverse effects decreased. Detection of sentinel lymph nodes (SNLs) is realized by the use of dyes and radio nuclides as tracer substances. These tracers can be replaced by superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) in the near future. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) guided 3-D real-time imaging and a distinct localization of SPIOs can be achieved in SLNB by the use of MPI. However, qualitative and quantitative enrichment of SPIOs in biologic tissue, in particular, the axillary lymphatic tissue is unexplored until now. We aim to prove the principle of SLNB with MPI within a healthy and than in a tumor bearing mouse model with metastatic axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer. Axillary tissue, surrounding tissues, and tissue from the whole body are analyzed with the following techniques: histology, Prussian blue staining, electron microscopy, atomic absorption spectrometry, and magnetic particle spectroscopy. We found that the SPIOs moves from the injection site through the lymph-fat tissue to the axillary region and finally into the axillary lymph nodes. SPIOs follow traces of lymphatic vessels, respecting borders, and spaces between different tissues. They accumulate near collagen fibers and distinct regions. We present our results of the approach of SLNB with MPI. Application of SPIOs and tracer detection in SNLs with MPI as a new SLNB technology could be less complex and incriminating for patient and staff and could make SLNB more accurate. To realize this approach, an MPI hand probe for intraoperative use is under construction. This will simplify SNL detection and helps to reduce axillary exploration morbidity by avoidance of intensive surgical quest. The tracer for MPI is easy to obtain and this make- the method accessible to many patients. The concept of SLNB by MPI may be applied in principle in all solid tumors.
机译：在过去的时间里，必须进行外科乳腺癌相关的分期腋窝淋巴结切除术。高发病率和生活质量的重大损失是不可避免的。通过引入前哨淋巴结活检（SLNB）的概念，这些不良反应得以减轻。前哨淋巴结（SNL）的检测是通过使用染料和放射性核素作为示踪物质来实现的。这些示踪剂可以在不久的将来被超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子（SPIO）取代。通过使用MPI，可以在SLNB中实现磁粉成像（MPI）引导的3-D实时成像和SPIO的独特定位。然而，到目前为止，还没有探索生物组织特别是腋窝淋巴组织中SPIO的定性和定量富集。我们的目的是在健康的模型中，而不是在带有转移性腋窝淋巴结的荷瘤小鼠模型中，证明带有MPI的SLNB的原理。使用以下技术分析腋窝组织，周围组织和来自全身的组织：组织学，普鲁士蓝染色，电子显微镜，原子吸收光谱法和磁性粒子光谱法。我们发现SPIOs从注射部位通过淋巴脂肪组织移动到腋窝区域，最后进入腋窝淋巴结。 SPIO遵循淋巴管的痕迹，尊重边界以及不同组织之间的空间。它们聚集在胶原纤维和不同区域附近。我们介绍了使用MPI的SLNB方法的结果。将MPI作为一种新的SLNB技术在SPN中将SPIO和示踪剂检测应用到患者和工作人员中，可能会变得不那么复杂和复杂，并且可以使SLNB更加准确。为了实现该方法，正在建造一种用于术中使用的MPI手动探头。这将简化SNL检测，并通过避免进行密集的外科手术来帮助减少腋窝探查的发病率。 MPI示踪剂很容易获得，这种方法使许多患者都可以使用。 MPI的SLNB概念可以原则上应用于所有实体瘤。

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